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美國AEI Applicable Electronics Inc.
AEI(Applicable Electronics Inc.)公司由Alan Shipley成立于1984年。AEI公司與Science Wares公司合作，設計開發由電腦控制的、快速的、非損傷的掃描微電極測量系統，用以檢測傳導介質溶液中的離子流。
AEI公司主要負責設計和制造硬件系統，包括計算機控制運動定位系統、各種信號放大器、視頻縮放系統及各種機械裝置和配件。

一、非損傷的掃描微電極測量系統:

SIET/SPET
SIET（掃描離子選擇性電極技術）可以在皮摩爾量級測量離子濃度變化。SPET(掃描式極譜電極技術)可以測量溶于水的氧分子的濃度變化。電極在三維步進電機控制下按照事先設定好的取樣規則從一點到另一點地運行，可進行一維，二維，三維或者按照用戶自設的復雜路徑測量。不同種類的極化電極，如Clark whalen型、陰極型氧電極，碳纖維NO電極，還有很多其他種類的極譜電極都得到了廣泛的應用。

SVET
SVET(掃描振蕩電極技術)能夠以最低每點約50毫秒的速度，在納伏（nV）量級測量電壓的梯度。正弦波發生器驅動壓電晶體傳感器以實現二維的振蕩。電極振蕩頻率可達200Hz到1KHz，不會對電壓梯度造成擾動。配有專門為SVET設計的PSD-2放大器。

SLEIS
PSD-2放大器和前置放大器同樣適用于SLEIS（掃描局部電化學阻抗譜技術）在1KHz以下范圍（比較經典的是30-100Hz范圍）的測量。實際上，一種方法是將微電極固定不動，用PSD-2的振動器驅動樣品，直接或通過電勢恒定器。另一種模式是一個軸向使用SVET,另一個使用SLEIS,在電勢恒定器的控制下同時對樣品進行掃描。這種測量方式可以給使用者提供很高的敏感性，但是同時在空間分辨率上受電極尖端所限，一般直徑5-50微米。

DVIT
DVIT（視頻差成像技術）是一種定位金屬表面腐蝕的圖像辨別技術，可對一系列圖像的微小差別進行計算和分析，從而鑒別出腐蝕開始的位置。有時需要在溶液中加入化學指示劑染料作為輔助。并可以和SVET或SIET聯合使用，同時獲得數據。

 Applicable Electronics was established in 1984. The corporate mission is to design, develop and market computer-controlled, rapid, non-invasive, scanning microelectrode measurement systems to detect ionic currents in conductive solutions. The major fields of application for these NDT techniques are biology and corrosion.

Applicable Electronics works together with Science Wares, Inc. Falmouth, MA to continue systems development. Applicable Electronics designs and manufactures system hardware. Eric Karplus, owner of Science Wares, Inc. is the owner and software engineer of the ASET (Automated Scanning Electrode Techniques) software package as well as the mechanical designer and manufacturer of some of the system components.

Both Alan Shipley and Eric Karplus were employed at the Marine Biological Laboratory in Woods Hole, MA at the National Vibrating Probe Facility (NVPF), which, since 1995, is called the Bio-Currents Research Center. The NIH Division of Research Resources in 1981 established the NVPF and continues funding under its new name, BRC. Shipley and Karplus worked together to build the NVPF by assisting Dr. Carl Scheffey and Dr. Lionel Jaffe in the development of the scanning microelectrode techniques. Since 1994, they are both full-time business professionals dedicated to the development and marketing of these techniques to the world.

Both companies work closely with the laboratory of Dr. Hugh Isaacs of Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY to continue systems development as they are applied to corrosion studies. Applicable Electronics was awarded a Phase I SBIR grant from the U.S. Department of Energy, September, 2001. Alan Shipley was PI and Brookhaven National Labs and Science Wares were contractors on the grant. Project title: "Non-Invasive Techniques to Study Local Passivity Breakdown of Metal Alloys in Aqueous Media". Phase II award, May 30, 2002. The project was a success and produced the DVIT (Differential Video Imaging Technique) which is now available for sale. This is a rapid NDT system for detecting initial corrosion. A patent is pending.

Applicable Electronics has donated the necessary equipment and expertise to help create the University of Massachusetts Vibrating Probe Facility, in Amherst, MA under the direction of Professor Joseph G. Kunkel. The purpose is to continue development of the equipment in a working laboratory for use in biological studies. Applicable Electronics also provides student fellowships at the facility. Science Wares, Inc. donates software, machining and technical support to this facility.